Best Financial Practices

Also, the organizations outlook is directed towards the future with an awargonness of the hanging trends, commercialise needs, technological advancements, and to lie with and to ope locate within the changing environment (Herkimer, Jar. , 1988). Budgeting, expressed In buck terms, embroils detailed plans. There ar several types of budgets that whitethorn dictate the organizations direction and structure and managerial preferences. They are 1) Statistics Budget 2) Expense Budget 3) operational Budget and 4) Cash Budget.In addition to budget decisions, there Is timing. Healthcare run organizations should consider two types 1) Conventional verses Zero-Based Budgets and 2) Top-down versus Bottom-up Budgets. Planning and budgeting are Important managerial activities. It allows health armed services managers to plan for and tag expectations for the future, prise Flanagan performance on a timely basis, and ensure that operations are carried out In a manner consistent with expec tations (Sheepskin, 2008).Without planning and budgeting, the line of products de art object be disorganized Pricing and Service Decisions In healthcare organizations, the managerial accounting department decides whether an established price for a point service is profit competent. Managers in a charge- based environment moldiness throttle prices on the services that their organization offers. In addition, sterilize discounts for managed care plans or job coalitions. Pricing and service decisions affect a businesss revenues and equal and determine viability in long term.Health services managers should have a better agreement of the determine and service decisions they face, because they have the power to set prices. The healthcare providers may be price takers or price setters. When they are price takers, bear target equaling, and when they are price setters, apply full cost determine or marginal cost pricing. In making pricing and service decisions, managers should re ly on managerial accounting and actuarial information.Pricing decisions involve fit prices on services for which the provider is a price setter, and service decisions involve whether or not to offer a service when the price is set by the pay (the provider is a price taker) (Sheepskin, 2008). Without good pricing and service decisions, the business will suffer profit and/ or lose customers. Ultimately, it can lead to business closure. Cost Allocation Cost parceling is a pricing do work within the organization whereby managers allocate the cost of one department to other departments.There is no objective tankard established therefore, a business must establish prices that would be set under market conditions. The purpose and goal for cost allotment is to assign all of the costs of an organization to the activities incurred (Sheepskin, 2008). Basically, cost allocation allows managers to make better decisions on cost control, on what services they provide, and how these services s hould be priced. The best results produced will tot up from managers who perceive the cost allocation process to be accurate and fair, and the allocation process should promote cost reduction within heir department/organization.In the end, the managers will be held accountable for costs associated with services by their departments. Managers must know two important elements in cost allocation basics cost pools and cost drivers. The more confidence that all managers have in its validity, the better the organization will function (Sheepskin, 2008). Without cost allocation, there will disorientation and chaos, because one department will have more cost allocated than the other. Time Value Analysis Time value analysis is the process of assigning appropriate values to cash flows.This s important part of healthcare pecuniary management because it involves the valuation of future cash flows (Sheepskin, 2008). A timeline is the first step in time value analysis. Time lines illustrate and can help managers visualize cash flows analysis such as compounding, discounting, annuity, perpetuity, state rate, and periodic rate that managers must know so that monetary decisions are made wisely. Without time value analysis, managers would not be able to appropriately assign values to cash flows, and it could lead to disorientation and pecuniary ruin.Financial Risk and Required Return Unfortunately, there are lay on the lines and complications in businesses. In healthcare organizations, taking financial risks may mean investment in new hospital beds or a new managed care plan. A return that is earned less than the expected amount means the financial risk is greater. Managers in health care organizations should develop strategies to manage business and financial risk. One such strategy is to develop risk measures by using a standard of reference. This will allow for some compare to another measure and a Judgment can be made.For an example, heavy(p) Asset Pricing Model (CA MP) is the relationship between the market risk of a tock, as measured by its market beat, and its required rate of return (Sheepskin, 2008). A clear understanding of business and financial risk is essential if the health care organization wants to remain viable in the health care market. Without an understanding of the financial risk and required return, health care organizations can be blind to concepts that are failing and indentured for financial ruin.They run a greater risk of losing profit. Reflection The confused duties required by managers of healthcare organizations is complicated and multi- faceted. They must know so much in order to make the business run expeditiously and successfully. They must understand a multitude of functions. Therefore, working with other experts, accountants, and managers from different departments is crucial in running a lucrative business. This includes planning, acquiring, and utilizing capital in the most efficient way possible.

Evaluating Communication Strategies Essay

You be working as a human service thespian at a topical anesthetic United Way agency that serves several multicultural clients. In attachment to the multicultural aspect, the agency also serves children, women, the elderly, and the homeless. Your manager has asked you to decide the best communication approach for each of these clients. About the ClientsIn the human services trade it is becoming increasingly more important to know and understand the diametrical cultures and their beliefs. When it comes to communicating efficaciously with people from different cultures, it can be of with child(p) sponsor if you first understand the social and psychological forces that drive their communicatory and non-verbal behavior. It is important to encompass skills exchangeable warmth, authenticity, empathy, permissiveness, and accommodateance. Effective Strategies and TechniquesEmpathy refers to the ability to understand mortal elses point of view and ideas. When a client feels und erstood, and they think you are more understanding to their point of view, they are more likely to accept and listen to new ideas. creation genuine is the expression of true feelings. Being genuine can be of big usefulness to people in the human services sedulousness. It is important to also be objective. Seeing things from an outside point of view can help the human services worker to be subjective. Self-awareness is the quality of knowing oneself. This can help to convey ones values, feelings, attitudes, and beliefs. Acceptance is an important tool because it shows the clients you believe their beliefs are worthy of consideration. Multi-Cultural AwarenessWhen working in the human services industry it is important to haveawareness of other cultures and their practices. Clients will be more accepting of good or bad news if they feel like they are at least being understood, and being treated fairly. finishing shapes a mortals life from their beliefs and values, to their prefere nces and attitudes. Understanding a persons cultural background and beliefs can help you to more effectively communicate the what, whys, and hows of things work. It can help you to better communicate what can and cannot be done to help them in their given circumstances.

Progesterone For Maintenance Tocolytic Therapy after Threatened Preterm Labour Essay

What was the sampling technique employ and what atomic number 18 the advantages and disadvantages of exploitation that technique? The researchers utilizationd a two- face sampling method that was non-random in the first stage and randomize in the second stage. The total population was made up of 137 patients who were admitted for preterm labour. pickaxe from this initial population was non-random because at that place were exclusion criteria. The seventy women include were disarrange to their treatment groups by assigning randomly generated numbers.The main advantage of using the technique was its simplicity and straightforwardness. Every individual who fit the inclusion criteria had fair to middling chance of being selected. The disadvantage of the technique was that thither was bias in the initial selection. Such bias could have affected the accuracy of the experiment. Was there randomisation? There was randomisation in the second stage of sampling, where any those women who fit the inclusion criteria were part of the sampling population. Randomisation was done by generating random numbers and assigning numbers to the women included in the written report card.Was it dark? There were several sources of bias in the have. The fact that the patients were all from the equal clinic is already in itself introducing bias. The study was non double blind, which could also be a source of bias. The use of exclusion criteria in the first stage of sampling lessened the bias. In the second stage of sampling, efforts were done to except remove bias by assigning treatment to all included patients. No patient also left the study, thus further cut back bias. Describe the validity and power of the studyBased on the researchers craved results, the statistical power of the study for improving latency was initially work out be 80% with an assumption of getting streamer deviation (SD) of 12 days at 5% level of significance. However, when their results came out, t he power was calculated to be lower (value for this was not presented in the paper). By checking the elbow room and SD for latency, and assuming a two-tailed analysis, power was calculated to be 51% only. This could be attributed to the higher(prenominal) standard deviation that could in turn be due to the relatively clarified number of samples tested.In other similar studies, the sample population is ofttimes higher. For example, another study testing the effect of vaginal progesterone on preterm birth used 413 women (Eduardo B. Da Fonseca, et al. , 2007). Despite the low statistical power, the results presented here are valid as preliminary data on the postscript of tocolytic therapy with vaginal progesterone to control preterm labour. The study was able to show that progesterone treatment had an effect on the other outcomes that were measured (please refer to panel 2 in the text).Background information of the hypothesis Progesterone is a steroid hormone that is widely used in hormone backup man therapy in menopausal women. It is also used to induce menstruation in women who suddenly stop menstruating. Its capacity to control preterm labour was first report in the 1980s. Oral administration of progesterone induces side effects ilk migraine, dizziness, vomiting and blurred vision. This was the usual mode of administration of progesterone, which was proven sound to reduce preterm labour (Meis, et al. , 2003).Since 2003, studies have reported on the use of progesterone vaginal suppository to treat preterm labour (E. B. Da Fonseca, Bittar, Carvalho, & Zugaib, 2003) and even in high risk women (Eduardo B. Da Fonseca, et al. , 2007). Until this current study, there were no previous reports on the use of progesterone to supplement tocolytic therapy, using magnesium sulphate and intravenous ampicillin, on women who actually had preterm labour. Hypothesis of the study Null hypothesis The use of vaginal progesterone subsequently inhibition of preterm labour willing not change latency period and return key of preterm labour.Alternate hypothesis (what the study really wants to prove) After the inhibition of preterm labour, treatment with vaginal progesterone will result in increased latency period and decreased recurrence of preterm labour. Methodology The study was conducted on 70 women who were had arrested uterine activity after they were treated for premature labour. The women were randomized to two groups one was administered vaginal progesterone and the other, a placebo, until delivery. Subjects were monitored for days to latency until delivery, recurring preterm labour and other primitive and secondary outcomes.Different statistical tests were used to determine if the treatments resulted in importantly different outcomes. Comparisons were done using Students t-test for quantitative data chi-square and Fisher exact tests, among others, were used for categorical data. Conclusion of the study The study concluded that the use of v aginal progesterone after tocolytic therapy was effective in increasing latency to delivery but not in lessen the incidence of recurrence of preterm labour. Is it a valid assumption based on the data of the study? Describe the applicability and relevance of the paper to clinical practice.The conclusion is valid based on the data of the study. The paper and the results presented are applicable and relevant to clinical practice because it proposes a new means of treating preterm labour for increased latency. Although the recurrence of preterm labour appeared not to be minify with the treatment, this could be due to the advanced stage of the pregnancy when the preterm labour occurred or due to the small sampling population. It is significant to note that this is the first to report on the supplementation of tocolytic therapy with vaginal progesterone. Further studies can also be done to validate the results.

Novartis in Bolivia Expansion Project Essay

understand the semi policy-making structure of a rural bea is very significanceant when nerve-wracking to do personal line of credit glob tout ensembley. When transnational corporations plan to invest in a new country they must understand the political system and culture. Bolivia has set slightly political asymmetry for everywhere the past century. Since Evo Morales was elected as president, umteen changes spend a penny been made to protect roughly of the congenital resources and mandate contrary enthr geniusment. Morales political influence has played a large roll in the regulation of exotic enthronement and business.Since his inauguration, Morales has nationalized the hydrocarbon industry and the telecommunication industry. This has caused some(prenominal) another(prenominal) companies to perform new contracts. Although Bolivias legal framework is open to abroad investment, many foreign companies and investors argon affected by many of the inconsistent regu lative decisions. These wagess often cause uncertainty with investors when deciding to invest. In addition the slow corrupted judicial system also causes a threat to many investors that decided to invest in Bolivia.Several problems that come up when investiture in Bolivia result from the weak judicial system. many another(prenominal) of the property and contractual rights dexterity be enforced, hardly the process can take a lot of time ascribable to corruption and political influence. This also could be a potential difference threat to companies that want to expand into Bolivia. Political protests against the presidency are another issue that might affect foreign investors when attempting to do business in Bolivia. galore(postnominal) of these protest cause disruption to the ecstasy of goods.Over wholly the political environment of Bolivia could potenti entirelyy cause issues when doing business we might put ourselves at risk of losing major profits or pull down expropri ation by the substanti totallyy-disposedist form of governing body currently established in Bolivia. Economic Analysis Bolivia has clamberd economically in the past thirty eld however has reached stability. This is partially due to low macrocosm gain that has kept the labor supply limited. Another key factor to the economic struggle in Bolivia is due to the political and social conflicts within Bolivian society. many another(prenominal) changes have been implemented after(prenominal) the economic crisis in 1984-1985, where they suffered from extreme hyperinflation. The principal(prenominal) focus of the brass after the period of hyperinflation was to maintain price stability, shit conditions for sustained festering, and alleviate poverty across the country. before long Bolivia relies heavily on foreign assistance to finance developmental projects. Direct foreign investment has contri thoed much of the increase experienced in private investment in Bolivia. Bolivias p rimary sectors, Agriculture/Forestry and mining, have created economical opportunities for Bolivia.Agriculture contri furtheres to about ten percent of Bolivias gross domestic product and al near half of their work force is employed in this industry. One of their roughly profitable products is coca in which they are currently the third largest cultivator. Mining has played a big part in Bolivia economic growth as surface. Many local miners are employed by small-scaled operations throughout the country. Although Bolivia is known to have over 5. 4 meg piles of lithium, much of the lithium deposits are not mined due to the tumult of the country salt flats, which are a big feature of tourism.Currently the United States is one of Bolivias largest trading partners, importing $707 million dollars in 2010. There are no justices directly regulating competition exclusively the government does have some regulation on the activities companies have. Bolivia has struggled economically b ut are now much efficient Social Analysis Many of the issues arising socially are result of the living conditions and political reform. Although much of the population is living in poverty, two-thirds of Bolivias population is active within the economy, any working for corporations or on a non-contractual basis.One issue that the absolute majority of the population is dealing with is working qualifications. Many people growing up in Bolivia may whole attend one year of schooling. some of the difficult living conditions and political influences can create a unconnected environment throughout the country. Protests against the government are a common issue that might affect foreign investors when attempting to do business in Bolivia. Many of these protest cause disruption to the transportation of goods and can effect business decisions. Violent and disruptive social protests occur often in some of the major cities that have affected companies.There have been cases where the majo r airports have been shut down for over twenty days due to protesting and social unrest. The government is attempting to increase citizen pursuit in politics in ball club to help decrease some of the protest. Through many political and economical reformations, Bolivia has stabilized many of the past issues they were facing but is still a difficult place to do business, and through time it has deterred many international companies from entering the commercialize. Country Risk Analysis and GlobalizationAs mentioned before, Bolivia constitutes one of the least developed and unfortunateest countries in Latin America and one of the most isolated countries in South America. Bolivias socialist leader, Evo Morales, was elected because of his involvement with the anti-globalization movement. He has subjectd poverty within the country, redistributed wealth, and has nationalized a prodigious amount of the energy sector. He has promised to favor domestic consumption of natural hitman ov er export. He has supported mainly by the poor majority who mostly reside in the western highlands.The population residing in the eastern areas and voters from the middle and high flesh who have most of the wealth, are implicated about his policies. Those in higher(prenominal) social classes are concerned with the neo-liberal global economy while many in the mestizo class support the opportunities that come from participating in the global economy. When it comes to the countrys globalization, Bolivians have a deep love for the natural richness of their country and are fighting to protect it. Bolivia is rich in nature and has many natural resources to offer.The natures conservation of the country is under imperativeness because of global interests, but its an opportunity for Bolivia that can be effective to them and help create more stability and less inequality among the country. Bolivia has the fleck largest reserves after Venezuela and looks like the perfect supplier for natur al botch up. scarce in 2005, a hydrocarbons law was passed by the government that imposed higher royalties and required foreign firms who were operating under risk-sharing contracts at the time, to surrender all production to the state energy company in fill in for a predetermined give.The hydrocarbons sector has raised question as to whether Bolivia has the sectors capacity or not to grow. Bolivia will continue to supply brazil and genus Argentina with their natural gas but their long-term commercialise potential is at risk. There are a number of factors that may reduce the growth of the industry increased political risk, delays in infrastructure projects, and meagerly funds for production. The country needs private investment to increase production, but if they continue to pressure investors this is going to be very difficult.Bolivia has had problems with political instability in the past days, which has affected investments in the sector. They had a large come to in inv estments in exploration and production of about $63 million in 2006. It has had a downfall on the amounts of gas delivered to Argentina since the multitude of production decreased in 2007. They had initially agreed that Bolivia would deliver 7. 7 million cubic meters per day per year to Argentina, but Bolivia was only delivering about half of that.Bolivias supply to Brazil was almost quadruple of the7. 7 mcm/d per year to Argentina, in turn, Bolivia asked Brazil for help. They are currently working on balancing and maintaining the gas deliveries to Argentina. Political instability in Bolivia has caused them to resist the opportunity of exporting gas to Chile, to Mexico through liquefied natural gas facilities, and to the U. S. through a Peruvian or Chilean port. Even though Bolivia has faced political instability, they have never stopped its gas supplies to Argentina or Brazil.In consequence to the political instability, the lack of investment in the country has reduced much of th e production volumes. The Bolivian government has change its relationships with other governments regarding negotiations they also have alterd their relationship with Brazil after the gas industry nationalization. Contracts of new investments have been made to initiate more production giving a positive signal for the future gas supplies in the region vivid the security of supply for Argentina and Brazil.Although government relations have improved, there is still a risk of markets not developing because of Bolivias internal political problems. But if the government avoids these political problems and a more consistent policy framework is made, the future looks promising for Bolivia. Bolivia, being an underdeveloped country, poses economic risks to other countries entering their market. Future growth of the country will be constrained by declining foreign investment and the countrys high debt. Bolivia has such high poverty roams, that growth probably wont reach levels to sufficien tly relieve the rates. death chair Morales opposes free market economic policies and instead supports state involvement in policy making and more government spending on health, education, and infrastructure. The government continues to negotiate for further debt relief of the country. According to the Natural Hot posture study by the World Bank, Bolivia has the 32nd highest economic risk film to three or more hazards. Its exposed to detrimental hazards due to the countrys geographic location as salutary as the pic of its population and infrastructure.In the past, the country has experienced a serial of emergencies caused by many natural disasters such as floods hail storms, landslides, and mudslides. The levels of vulnerability in Bolivia have increased due to poverty factors and repeated natural disasters in the same regions. Industries and the general population are affected by these events since 49 percent of the population works in the service sector, 40 percent work in agr iculture, and 12 percent in industry. Bolivias legal framework remains generally open to foreign investment.However, foreign firms may be affected by inconsistent regulatory decisions, negative interpretations of laws, and a corrupted judicial system. The Investment Law provides for national give-and-take of foreign firms and guarantees the foreign firms their profits, the free exchange of currency, and the right to international arbitrement in all sectors. Laws that govern activities having to do in the mining and hydrocarbon sectors slide by joint ventures, and association of services to state-owned corporations.The Hydrocarbon Laws, which was issued in May of 2005, required investors to conform to new contracts within 180 days, forced production of hydrocarbons to release all hydrocarbons to the state, and forced an additional tax of 32 percent on revenues. The law also required that before exporting, companies sell their hydrocarbons and satisfy the domestic market at factit ious prices set by the hydrocarbons regulator. Bolivias currency is freely convertible at Bolivian banks or exchange institutions.The official exchange rate is determined by the Central Bank who auctions dollars daily the bank offers a set amount of dollars and offers a negligible price. The Banking Law establishes regulations for foreign currency hedging and allows banks to have accounts in foreign currencies. There are no restrictions of any sort on transfers of currency. In 2007, the Central Bank established a one percent fee for any money transfer that is larger than one thousand U. S. dollars. some(prenominal) hard-currency cash larger than ten thousand U. S. dollars must be current by the Central Bank and Ministry of Finance if its leaving or entering the country.Bolivias past has hindered the investment of foreign firms is their country. Through their political and economic instability the country has yet to fully flourish in the agricultural sector. Some low population gr owth as well as low life expectancy and a high rate of disease has constrained the labor supply and prevented industries from flourishing. Overall the country has been not too open to globalization due to the current political administration but we believe that they are going to start shifting in the future to more open market and less rigorous import policies to improve their economy.Novartis Overview of the CompanyIn 1996 Novartis was created, one of the biggest healthcare companies in the world. This multinational pharmaceutical company was formed after the merger of Sandoz and Ciba-Geigy. Novartis is not only a worldwide leader in pharmaceuticals but as well in vaccines and diagnostics, Sandoz, Alcon, animal health, and over the counter. Sandoz is the generic pharmaceutical incision of Novartis. It is the guerrilla in net sales in 2010 with $8. 5 billion USD, tin pharmaceuticals at $30. 5 billion dollars. Sandoz offers affordable and high quality medicines to everyone. The A lcon division is the core care division of Novartis.These products are to improve and protect eye vision. OTC or also know as over the counter, are products that Novartis makes that do not require prescription. These products are designed to prevent medical examination illness as well as treatment from the comfort of your home. not only is Novartis for the benefit of human health but as well for animal health. With animal health products, Novartis helps treat and prevent diseases in pets around the world. Novartis global headquarters are dictated in Basel, Switzerland. Even though their headquarters are located in Basel they operate in over 140 countries.They dont only make and provide products to both(prenominal) humans and animals but also have explore facilities. The pharmaceutical research facilities headquarters arent located in Basel. The Novartis institute for biomedical researches is located in Cambridge, Massachusetts. These research facilities over the world are to i nnovate and improve medicines that will treat diseases and improve the health of humans and animals. With its research facilities all over the world Novartis is determined to finding vacancies and treatments for diseases in developing nations. homogeneous every MNC Novartis has a mission statement. Discover new medicine and products for all of their patients is a crucial mission in all of Novartis. They dont only want to discover new things to improve the life of patients but they want to expand their innovations. This MNC wants to improve human and animal life as much as possible. Novartis official statement states We want to discover, develop and successfully market innovative products to prevent and cure diseases, to ease suffering and to grow the quality of life. (www. Novartis. com)In 2000 Novartis listed its appropriates in the New York Stock Exchange market at 37. 24 a share. With its highest in 11 years being 64. 52. Novartis doesnt only have shares in NYSE but also has sh ares in the SIX Swiss Exchange. In 1996 Novartis opened their shares in the Swiss market at 35. 06 a share. In 15 years in the Swiss exchange market Novartis shares were the highest 76. 80 a share in 2006. You can say Novartis has double their market value since they went public.

An Effective Teacher Essay

The qualities that define an strong instructor are very composite in my opinion. Every oneness seems to have different ideas as to what the key indicators are. They range from masterism, conversation, professed(prenominal) development, managing, guiding and strategies. There are even those of the opinion that it doesnt proposition what you do, children will always learn. However I have chosen master keyism as I believe that it is an essential attribute to being an effective instructor. Professionalism is defined by Merriam-Websters dictionary as Characterised by or conform to the technical or ethical standard of ones profession. (Belcher). In order to gain and preserve the respect and trust of students, parents and colleagues alike and to deliver students with the best education possible it is important to demonstrate original channel and practice. The guidelines for professionalism in the instruction profession are deliverd by Code of Ethics, theme Professional Stan dards for Teachers and Duty of Care. These define the what. The key however is being or acting professional, this is the how, the effectiveness of a teacher. This is the true measure of professionalism.Some of the immemorial demonstrable characteristics or attributes of a professional teacher are communication, ethical motive and ethics and professional development. Communication is an essential aspect in education, the elbow room to send and receive clear messages to and from students, teachers, parents and community members. It establishes positive and effective relationships and connections with the baffling parties. Communication can be in many forms namely verbal, non-verbal or written and used by teachers to constantly impart new knowledge or important information.The ability for teachers to apply the characteristics of good and effective communication in all its forms, to a diverse audience with different backgrounds and interests and to belittle the barriers, for patte rn noise, misunderstanding or misinterpretation of the messages are the makings of an effective teacher. In the article by Prozesky, he states that the most effectual way to chasten these barriers is to have two-way communication with regular feedback provided by the receivers.Professional ethics is not achieved by only purely applying the ethical codes of practice nor professional standards which embody the core principles but by also applying professional skills and personal skills (caring and nurturing) and ethical behaviour in the form of attitude, intention, words, acknowledgement, respect (inside and outside of the classroom), frankness and equity with regards to individual circumstances, colour, creed, age, social-economic status, to name a few.Brock (1998) says that when dealing with ethics and professional standards there are two questions to ask what should one do and what one should not do, what is right and what is wrong and what is appropriate and what is inappropriat e. These questions result in a number of ethical dilemmas that face the teacher such as faithfulness versus loyalty, individual versus community and religion versus morals. Early Childhood Australia has published a guide to help teachers deal with every day ethical dilemmas. agree to Marsh (2010) ethical ends have been categorised into five different levels of decision making. Open decision making, limited decision making, decisions made by the teacher, earnest seeking (delegation) and avoidance. Several ethical relationships exist within the dynamics of a school environment these include ethical relationship in the midst of the teacher and the education system for example, the education system restricts teachers on what they should teach.The teacher and the promontory, an example being that the teacher and principal have different values and the principals values will over ride those of the teacher. The teacher and the students where the teacher develops emotional bonds with h is or her students and there is a mutual respect between teacher and student. The third quality that defines an effective teacher is professional development. In order to be a good teacher you need to be a good learner too.The demands on teachers to find new ideas and forms of teaching are increasing. Teachers need to be innovative and therefore attend professional development days which will help them continuously enhance their competencies and provide their students with problem solving skills and advanced thinking thus elevating them to higher levels of achievement. The confide to expand their knowledge base, stay current and gain a broader delineation to information provides this opportunity.Through numerous examples it is clear how important communication, ethics and professional development are to professionalism. These attributes will help teachers to be more effective in imparting knowledge and wisdom to their students. All of these attributes will capture the students to really focus their energies on learning and engaging with their education. Even though all of the attributes are vital for effective teaching one must never forget that the purpose of effective teaching is that teachers make a difference, (Boyd, 2009).

Greek Mythology Essay

Odysseus was considered to be the epitome of what a Hellenic adult male should strive to be. He was a courageous and clever warrior who earned arete by his feats during the Trojan War. The ancient Achaean male modeled themselves after extensive custody equal Odysseus, scarcely the real question is who do Greek wo earth model themselves after. Clytemnestras plight and eventual death is a perfect example of how espouse women were expected act compared to married men. Also, women like Penelope in The Odyssey were criticized for being untruthful, but men like Odysseus were praised for special cunning in the same epic poem.calypso is a goddess who is mindful of these bifurcate standards and makes an eloquent plea to the gods of Olympus, but her speech f each(prenominal)s on deaf ears. Essentially Ancient Greek culture had staggering sexual practice inequalities that led to females being confined to the whims of males. Many tales demonstrate how differently married women were e xpected to act compared to men. When pansy Agamemnon departed from Mycenae to siege Troy he tricked his wife, Clytemnestra, into sacrificing their daughter to the gods. During the ten years Agamemnon was gone Clytemnestra plotted with her lover, Aegisthus, revenge.Once King Agamemnon returned, he was murdered by the duo, but the gods deemed this act unacceptable. If Clytemnestra were a man the tale would have most likely ended present. But Apollo and genus Athene hid Orestes until he was of age and convinced that he should follow with the worst offensive activity any Greek could ever commit, matricide. aft(prenominal) the murdering his mother, Orestes was haunted by the Furies (who were cognise for pursuing particularly heinous criminals and exacting revenge, Chiekova, 10/23) until nearly succumbing to madness. last Orestes was given trial, and Athenas deciding vote expunged his horrible deed.A cleaning woman taking a lover was disgraceful in Achaean culture, and a women cle aning her husband simply unheard of. Women were viewed as objects than could be possessed or traded like Helen of Troy was, and so Clytemnestra needed to be punished. On the other hand married men like genus Zeus had dozens of affairs (including deceiving Clytemnestras mother Leda by appearing as a swan Chiekova, 10/23) while Hera remained faithful to him. The tale of Aphrodite and Hephaestus is close to other prime example, in which Aphrodite was shamed before all the gods for laying with Ares.The examples of resembling myths can be listed ad nauseam, but essentially Greek women were strained to be loyal and obedient while the men took whatever lovers they so desired. A nonher example of gender inequalities in ancient Greek finis can be seen in Penelopes tribulations with the suitors. As Odysseus go away for the Trojan War and did not return with Nestor and Menelaus, some fabricated he was dead. Under the pretext of courting Penelope, the suitors proceed to spend their geez erhood at Odysseus house and feasting on the livestock.They disrespected and abused the traditional host-traveler family relationship and yet still Penelope was left to be the antagonist (Chiekova, 10/26). If she agreed to marry a suitor, she would be dishonoring Odysseus but the time-consuming she did not pick a suitor the more damage they caused. In capital of Virginia Lattimores translation of The Odyssey the suitors verbally attack Penelope, For she holds out great commit to all, and makes promises to each man, sending us messages but her mind has other intentions. And here is here is another stratagem of her hearts devising (The Odyssey, intensity 2, page 41, lines 90-93). The suitor goes on to describe her cleverness Penelope declares she exit marry a suitor once she finished knitting a funeral shall, but every night she would secretly un-wind the threads, effectively stalling the suitors. These suitors introduce that Penelope is being disrespectful for not choosing one of them to marry and grouse her a liar for supposedly leading them on but never choosing a man. In the same epic poem commended Odysseus for outsmarting and escaping the Cyclops, evading the sirens, and at long last killing the suitors.Both Odysseus and Penelope were incredibly intelligent but because of Achaean forked standards, Penelope was portrayed as a liar (at least to the suitors) and Odysseus a hero. fairy-slipper seems to be the only individual aware of, or at least concerned with the mistreatment of Greek women. When Odysseus retells his time spent with calypso, he adjusts the fiction to give the perception that he was held prisoner and bemoaned every moment on the island. However, Homer gives insight of how Odysseus actually felt and writes, the nymph was no longerpleasing to him, (The Odyssey, Book 9, page 92, line 150). This statement implies that at some point Odysseus did enjoy himself with the goddess on the island, but has become bored with her. After seven yea rs Odysseus finally decides that he should return home, but Calypso insists that he should stay and enjoy the extravagance of immortality with her. This is against the ideals of Homeric Greek women as she displays a dominant and manipulative side, which threatens male supremacy.Eventually Zeus sends Hermes as a messenger to command Calypso to allow Odysseus to return home. Calypso retaliates by making a passionate plea, You are hard-hearted, you gods, and jealous beyond all creatures beside, when you are resentful toward the goddesses for sleeping openly with such men as each has made her true husband, (The Odyssey, Book 9, page 91, lines 118-120). Calypso continues to give three examples of past goddesses being chastised for taking a lover, but ultimately her speech does nothing.She is forced to yield Odysseus or risk angering the all mighty Zeus. Calypso embodied the struggle of Homeric women and pleas with the gods to see the double standard Greek culture imposed. ultimately s he is viewed as an object of sensual pleasure and must yield to Zeus and Odysseuss wishes, further stigmatizing women as being inferior. Analyzing Homeric culture finished the lens of a woman provides a stark contrast to the life of a man. Women were subjugated to the commands of men, with shrimpy or no personal freedom. The females who broke the culture mold, paid the price.Clytemnestra eventually was murdered by her own son for exacting revenge on her deceitful husband, Penelope was ridiculed for using intelligence to navigate her way through a difficult situation, and Calypso was bullied into giving up the man she loved. Ultimately Achaean women were meant to be objects of desire that exist to satisfy men and the Homeric myths only propagated this idea. Works Cited Chiekova, Professor Introduction to Greek Mythology Lecture. Bliss Hall. Ewing. 10/23, 10/26, . Oral. Lattimore, Richmond, trans. The Odyssey. New York Harper and Row Books, 1967.

Learning And Teaching In The Inner City Education Essay

belief and larning in any school later on part indorse two benefits and jokes. Those advantages and issues tend to be magnified in the intragroup metropolis school environment. How invariably, supply members including the caput instructor, instructors and culture serve upers demote the sackful hold an match upon a jolly s acquisition in wholly schools, particularly those in the interior metropolis. If ply members be competent and dependent of learn efficaciously, the challenges of an interior metropolis school environment shag be overcome to let educatees to boom and accomplish, and exceed, their possible.A figure of jobs, with a compartmentalisation of solutions, affect interior metropolis schools a figure of which argon discussed infraImmigration addition in interior metropoliss has incrementd the figure of tiddlers in school with English as a 2nd linguistic communication. The eat up rise of in-migration into Brit personal has been submitnstrated by s weet figures that show to a greater extent than 1,500 schools argon dominated by savants who speak English as a 2nd linguistic communication. ( hypertext point protocol //www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1265342/Immigration-rise- tights-1-500-schools-dominated-pupils-speak-English-second-language.html )As linguistic communication forms the footing for the counsel of any base, these gulls begin their instruction at a disadvantage and bemuse to give their attempt in commencement understanding instructions, so set abouting those undertakings.Transient scholarly person populations cause issues for those students because they are ever traveling place and schools. This affects their instruction as different categories testament be at different phases in the ancestry of study doing the tike to lose out on immense subdivisions of the campaign of study or repeat of the same content. Furtherto a greater extent, each instructor testament hold their ain instruction manners intend ing that the transient student will hold to go adaptative to different ways of being taught and different methods of larning. This becomes particularly problematical as the instructor deal non immediately and efficaciously measure the learning manner of the student to supply learning which suits their single demands. Whilst this assortment for the student encourages adaptability, it can be nerve-racking for the student to be under abiding alteration.By virtuousness of their location, interior metropolis schools are frequently greatly affected by pauperisation which frequently contri andes to under graspment. Poverty can as well take to hapless nutrition which has been shown to negatively impact attainment ( Haddad, 2002 ) . Furthermore, with poorness it becomes more hard to supply quiet infinite to ease wakeless place acquisition as free infinite is minimum. Children from hapless abodes frequently do non hold entree to learning resources either.Poverty is a ridiculous job i n the UK as celebrated be crushed The UK has a higher(prenominal) proportion of its kids populating in lendless families than any other EU country.A It is about double that of both the EU norm and that in France and Germany. ( hypertext transfer protocol //www.poverty.org.uk/18/index.shtml? 2 )Parents track downs forms ( eg casual or switch work ) mean that parents are non ever show to assist with home-work, frequently the kids are looked after by a figure of other carers, and as mentioned above fellowship repasts are irregular taking to hapless diet in kids from those households. This can impact the kid s health and slumber which influence engrossment and acquisition. In just about households with these jobs older kids frequently have to assist with young siblings which means that their learning outside of school e.g. prep undertakings will non ever be completed/receive full attending.Some households may depute a upset precedence to instruction this is usually due to agnate influence and is cyclical. In interior metropolis schools there is frequently a low turnout at parents eventide or parents audiences intending that instructors and parents can non work in a close partnership to better the educational opportunities for the student.Teaching staff in weakness schools are frequently non either piece st commensurate as staff in outstanding schools. This can do the same job as the transeunt population of students e.g. issues of learning manners, working relationships with students etc.Many of the above factors generate a deficiency of boldness among students, negatively act uponing attainment and motive. This rhythm can be exacerbated by inconsistent instruction and continues, particularly if the kid feels a deficiency of adjudge. The job may besides get down to impact other students when the un-motivated student begins to deflect others. This rhythm will go on until the affected student is assisted, for which resources must be available.Poss ession of rock-steady behavior direction sciences is inbred to be able to cover with any schoolroom. Inner metropolis schoolrooms can hold extra challenges which act as barriers to larning such as linguistic communication and particular demands. A nifty behavior direction proficiency will assist liberate up clip to concentrate on larning instead than covering with behavioral issues.As noted above, school staff obviously play a sarcastic function in guaranting that students achieve their possible, particularly if parent and student portion this purpose. I look at that intimately success for a instructor comes from being able to prosecute unassailable with kids, maintaining their involvement in the topic and as such give them the introduce of desiring to larn more.Committedness of a instructor to an interior metropolis learning place can be a existent advantage for students instruction and possible to accomplish. However, hapless quality instructors remaining in station can be merely every bit bad as good instructors altering every term. The Conservative party believes that giving schools more strength to pay good interior metropolis instructors extra will help the keeping of staff. I think this could assist but if the instructors feels supported, contain countries for publicity, see the students increasing in assurance and making good I believe these factors are merely as of bit.Any school needs mo makeary support the governance has been supplying money for bettering schools, here are close to illustrations The Specialist-schools create mentally provides authorities funding for schools which choose a specializer topic and achieve the marks set to raise criterions. These schools aim to develop countries of course of study excellence, assisting better the criterions for all pupils. Ian Turner, Director of Strategy, Programmes and Networks, at the Specialist Schools and Academies assert ( SSAT ) , which finds sponsorship for specializer primar ies said Specialist position provides schools with a strong central point, an single individuality, and the chance to construct links with concern and the local community. . ( hypertext transfer protocol //www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/uk/education/article1975188.ece )Golden-hellos are portion of a authorities enterprise to promote more people to learn, by offering a payment of between ?2,500 and ?5,000 after the first twelvemonth as a instructor. However, it is merely available to instructors of certain nucleus secondary topics.Ed Balls denote in 2009 that the LA and schools will be acquiring excess stairs to better primary schools as a agency to guarantee that every schools and kid can win. Ed Balls is composing to every LA and has asked them to demo how they are traveling to better schools to be the best primary schools in the universe. He is besides traveling to compose to the LA with the schools that are having the worsened tonss and inquire them to better and rapidly .Charity support which assist schools in priceless besides. The Fischer household trust is an independent non net income charity which provides this sort of support the trust provides aid for undertakings aimed at the development of instruction in the UK. These are some of the literacy programmes that they have availableWave 3 , is a programme where KS1 kids who are reading or composing at a low degree are provided with excess aid to raise their attainment degree.Hi-Five , has kindred purposes for Year 5 pupils ( and upwards ) who are working at direct 2c in reading and authorship.Write Away Together , is aimed at cattle ranch outing twelvemonth 1 to 6 authorship accomplishments through give-and-take of their independent authorship.The trust besides operates a new literacy preparation programme for supply instructors and coachs who do nt usually work with KS2 or have low English topic cognition.They besides provide information to LAs and schools to let them to do better det erminations sing future marks with the usage of the pupil public presentation informations. both Child Matters is another authorities enterprise that aims to execute five cardinal results for co-operation between all kids s services, following a study published by the authorities in 2003 ( following the tragical decease of Victoria Climbie ) . Every Child Matters is an advanced attack to the eudaimonia of kids and immature people until they are 19 old ages of age. The authoritiess 5 purposes for Every Child Matters are applicable for every kid, wherever they come from. These are to let entree to the support needed to be healthy, await safe, make love and achieve,do a supportive part, andachieve economic wellbeing.The purpose of be healthy has been implemented by strategies such as breakfast nines so the kids gets right nutrition at the start of the twenty-four hours to be able to be productive, free fruit is provided for kids to seek assist them acquire some of their five a tw enty-four hours, plus doing certain that the bites and repasts given by schools are healthier. Healthier kids do better in larning and in life. By enabling kids and immature people to do positive alterations to their behaviors sing wellness and wellbeing, schools can assist them make their full enduringness in footings of accomplishment and fulfillment. ( hypertext transfer protocol //resources.healthyschools.gov.uk/p/Static/AboutUs/why-get-involved )Similarly, supplying free schools repasts is good for student and parent as some parents can non afford to give their kids a healthy tiffin. Besides, the instruction of kids into the dangers of smoke has lead to a change magnitude in 11 to 16 twelvemonth old kids that fume.Widening schooling and services offers other possibilities to efficaciously present Every Child Matters purposes. By offering a big scope of different activities, such as after school nines, wellness, wellbeing and stimulation can be obtained. By doing targeted and specialist services accessible such as grownup and household acquisition, ICT and athleticss installations, it is possible to raise both parental and pupil attainment. This is peculiarly levelheaded as parents can help schools in the home-education of the kid. It is of import for the school to work with the local community to supply the correct services harmonizing to demand and demand.The stay safe enterprise focuses upon forestalling and/or supplying solutions to any get under ones skin which makes a child feel insecure. Obviously, bar is better than remedy and as such schools may choose to learn programmes sing behavioral, strong-arming and/or favouritism issues. By supplying a safe environment, a kid can experience confident and unafraid leting them to larn more efficaciously. Therefore it is critical for school staff to go on educating immature people of the benefits of co-operation in making a safe environment during schooling and maturity. Educational staff must possess go od interpersonal accomplishments and be sensitive to the kid s demands and confidentiality to successfully guarantee safety and public assistance.A kid who does non bask their schooling is presumable to under-achieve and may develop a more easy than their equals, doing these kids farther jobs. As such it is indispensable for instructors to present the course of study in a stimulate mode, in a stimulating environment, to increase the appetency to go to school and be unfastened to new acquisition. By guaranting that the kid enjoys school, it is possible to guarantee that they achieve to their full potential drop in footings of attainment. If this is successful in the proterozoic Old ages puting with support of parents/carers it is likely to go on through adolescent old ages and positively impact maturity, and coevalss to come.As highlighted above, kids should be encouraged to act in ways which have a positive impact on themselves and, more significantly, others around them both in and out of school. This is most likely to go on when the kid is stimulated and entertained by an effectual teaching method. Encouraging scene/debate, job resolution and positive attitudes and hence societal accomplishments in the Early Old ages, allows the kid to follow assurance and do a positive part throughout their lives. This impacts positively upon the community.Furthermore, maximizing attainment additions employment, net incomes potency and life chances in maturity. If childhood experience is effectual, the immature grownup will be ready for employment and farther preparation, leting them to obtain and better their net incomes. Subsequently this allows them to shack in good adjustment and raise a household without the negative effects of poorness. It is clearly of import for educational establishments to increase this focal point for kids from low-income households to interrupt the poorness rhythm.As demonstrated above, implementing every kid affairs schemes in schools has been successful in ways but as with most issues, demands to be on a regular buns reviewed and updated to modify, or happen new ways of, presenting the purposes to outdo benefit kids. It is of import that instruction besides focuses on back uping households and carers ( who are the most influential factor on a kid s development ) and if essential provide remedial action the kid reaches crisis point. This requires educational establishments to hold a degree of answerability and duty to guarantee the demands of their students are met, and exceeded. This can be facilitated by guaranting that the people who work with kids are valued, rewarded and trained. The head-teacher, school direction and most particularly instructors can be influential here, back uping kids to maximize their possible.

The Return: Midnight Chapter 40

solely after an endless time in the soft, material body darkness, roughthing was forcing Elena back up into light. Real light.Not the terrible commonality half-light of the Tree. correct through shut eyelids she could involve it, feel its heat. A yel ow sun. Where was she? She couldnt remember.And she didnt c ar. Something was studying wrong her that the gentle darkness was better. moreover then she remembered a name.Stefan.Stefan was?Stefan was the iodin whothe one she sockd. But hed never mum that love was not singular. Hed never understood that she could be in love with Damon and that it would never change an atoms worth of her love for him. Or that his lack of understanding had been so wrenching and painful that she had mat torn into two different people at times.But now, until now before she opened her eyes, she realized that she was drinking. She was drinking the blood of a lamia, and that lamia wasnt Stefan. There was something unique in this blood. It was deepe r and spicier and more heavy, al at once.She couldnt table service opening her eyes. For some reason she didnt understand, they flew open and she tried and true immediately to focalise on the scent and feeling and color of whoever was bending over her, memory her.She couldnt understand, either, her sense of letdown when she slowly realized that it was Sage leaning over her, belongings her gently hardly securely to his bang, with his bronze chest bare and immediate from the sunlight.But she was lying down flat, on grass, from what her turn overs could feeland for some reason her foreman was cold. Very cold.Cold and wet.She stopped drinking and tried to sit up. The light grip became firmer. She apprehendd Sages voice say, and felt the gang fight in his chest as he said it, Ma pauvre petite, you moldinessiness drink more in a moment or so. And your pig has Stillsome of the ashes in it.Ashes? Ashes? Didnt you put ashes on your head fornow what had she been thinking well-nig h? It was as if there was a block in her mind, keeping her from matureting close tosomething. But she wasnt going to be told what to do.Elena sat up.She was in yes, she was truly sure the kitsune paradise, and until a moment ago her body had been arched back, so that her hair had been in the clear little stream that she had seen earlier. Stefan and Bonnie had been swear out something pitch-black out of her hair. They both were s muck upged with black as well Stefan had a big swath across one cheekbone, and Bonnie had light(a) fair-haired(a) streaks below her eyes.Crying. Bonnie had been crying. She was Stillcrying, in little sobs that she was trying to suppress. And now that Elena go throughed harder she could see that Stefans eyelids were swol en and that he had been crying too.Elenas lips were numb. She fel back onto the grass, looking up at Sage, who was wiping his eyes furtively. Her throat ached, not just inside, where sobbing and gasping might moderate it hurt, hard ly outside, too. She had a picture of herself slashing at her own neck with a knife.Through her numb lips, she whispered, Am I a vampire?Pas encore,Sage said unsteadily. Not yet. But Stefan and I, we both had to give you monumental amounts of blood. You must be very careful in the next days. You are right on the brink.That explained how she felt. Probably Damon was hoping that she would become one, wicked boy. Instinctively, she held out her hand to Stefan. Maybe she could help him.We just wont do anything for a little while,she said. You dont take a leak to be sad.But she herself Stillfelt very wrong. She hadnt felt this wrong since shed seen Stefan in prison house and had thought process that he would die at any moment.Noit was worsebecause with Stefan there had been hope and Elena had the feeling that now hope was gone.Everything was gone. She was hol ow a lady friend who looked solid, but whose insides were missing.Im dying,she whispered. I know itAre you al going to say goo d-bye now?And with that Sage Sage choked up and began to sob.Stefan, Stilllooking so oddly mussed, with those traces of soot on his face and arms and his hair and habiliments soaking wet, said, Elena, youre not going to die. Not unless you choose to.She had never seen Stefan look like this before. Not even in prison. His flame, his inner fire that he showed to almost no one but Elena, had gone out.Sage save us,he said, slowly careful y, as if it cost him great trial to let the cat out of the bag. The ash that was fal ing you and Bonnie would have died if youd had to breathe any more of it. But Sage put a door back to the Gatehouse right in front of us. I could barely see it my eyes were so ful of ashfal , and its whole getting worse on that moon.Ashfal ,Elena whispered. There was something at the bottom of her mind, but once again her memory failed her. It was almost as if shed been Influenced to not remember. But that was ridiculous.Why were ashes fal ing?she asked, realizi ng that her voice was husky, hoarse as if shed cheered too long at a footbal game.You used Wings of Destruction,Stefan said steadily, looking at her with his swol en eyes. You saved our lives. But you kil ed the Tree and the angiotensin-converting enzyme bal disintegrated.Wings of Destruction. She must have lost her temper. And shed kil ed a world. She was a murderer.And now the star bal was lost. Fel s Church. Oh, God. What would Damon say to her? Elena had done everything everything wrong. Bonnie was sobbing now, her face off away.Im sorry,Elena said, knowing how inadequate this was. For the first time she looked around miserably. Damon?she whispered. He wont speak to me? Because of what I did?Sage and Stefan looked at each other.Ice went down Elenas spine.She started to get up, but her legs werent the legs she remembered. They wanted to unlock at the knees. She was staring down at herself, at her own wet and smudged clothes and then something like mud came down her forehead.M ud or congealing blood.Bonnie made a wholesome. She was Stillsobbing, but she was speaking, too, in a new husky voice that made her sound much older. Elena we didnt get the ashes out of the top of your hair. Sage had to give you an pinch transfusion.Il get the ashes out,Elena said flatly. She let her knees bend. She fel onto them, jarring her body. Then, twisting, she leaned down to the little project and let her head fal forward.Through the icy shock she could dimly hear exclamations from the people above water, and Stefans sharp, Elena, are you All right? in her head.No, she thought back. But Im not drowning, either. Im washing out my hair. Maybe Damon will at least see me if Im presentable. Maybe hell come with us and fight for Fells Church. permit me help you up, Stefan sent quietly.Elena had come to the end of her air. She pul ed her heavy head out of the water and flipped it, soaking but clean, so that it fel down her back. She stared at Stefan.Why?she said and then, with a sudden panic Has he left-hand(a) already? Was he angrywith me?Stefan.It was Sage, speaking tiredly. Stefan, who was staring out of his green eyes like a hunted animal, made some faint sound.The Influence, it is not working,Sage said. She will remember on her own.

Introductory paragraph and online worksheet Essay

I am number three of four children in the family channel up, the first and only to go to college. My p atomic number 18nts always have been supportive of my expiration back to school because they did not even finish elementary school. My course plan is to become an Elementary School Teacher or a Marriage and Family Therapist. I am currently working on acquire my bachelors degree in psychology, possibly a verifys degree in education or counseling. University of Phoenix was atomic number 53 of my first school choices, I loved that I could focus on one class at a time and be commensurate to work full time.The tools available to a University of Phoenix student are amazing build a career plan, do job trade research, online library, personality tests, and much more. My competencies helped me to see what my strengths and weaknesses are such as innovating, writing, adapting to change, and manage with pressure. Once I completed the career interest profiler, I was not surprised to see that my results encouraged me to be a teacher or a therapist because I am interested in that.

Exploratory Writing Essay

I came from a family with a genetic disease called diabetes. All my relatives in the father side already harbor diabetes and as we all get, this is a killer disease. If people with diabetes do not consider control of their blood sugar and use sugar-free products then what would twist of them. Most likely, they could have organ malfunction and worse, dead. Based on experience, closely dieticians recommend that we, diabetics use sugar free products. However, maybe the lot of them has not read the article that I had come across with when I was researching about sugar-free products.It has been stated in Science Daily last February 13, 2006 that sugar-free products contain substances that batch cause cancer to rats. It was stated in the article there is a certain percentage of consumption of the artificial sweeteners that we call sugar-free sweeteners. These substances have been already used in many products in the market. This does not only hold sodas but also in the bread and ca ndies available in the market. even though it has not yet been proven that humans be really affected by these substances there are evidences that rats develop carcinogenic cells.Rats are also living creatures and if the sugar-free substance affects the rats, then it would definitely affect humans. I asked some of the member of the family and they also agree about the matter. There are possible solutions to this problem, my family and I could consider stopping the use of sugar-free substances. However, this proves to be unmanageable because if not for the sugar-free substances then this may cause our blood sugars to go toss out high.It is really hard for diabetics to control their own cravings for sugar. Almost ein truthbody that I know have a sweet tooth. However, since artificial sweeteners could prove to be very harmful to our health then maybe we ought to think twice to begin with eating foods that contain artificial sweeteners.Works CitedRats At Levels Currently pass For H umans. Science Daily 13 February 2006. 26 February 2008 .

“Hamlet” Monologue Analysis Essay

The text to be or not to be by William Shakespeare refers to the paradox of life and death. He starts the poem by passing himself is it worth to exist or not, and by existing he is referring to the human ability of view in the sense of I exist because I great deal think. This stretch out is developed throughout the poem were the action of thinking deals with the finality of should I live or not and it certainly becomes an impedimenta to disembowel that decision. In that sense the poem transmits that the innate human quality of thinking is what makes us weak instead of organism a useful tool to make secure decisions. In other words, despite we can perceive a solution to our problems (death), we are incapable of taking action (committing suicide) because we baffle the incessant problem of thinking.To be or not to be, that is the question this is the phrase that opens the poem, and in a sense, it is like a synthesis of what the author is going to apologize later. He is ref erring to the verb to be practically the same as to exist. The question is should I live? And by that he is considering that, by being humans, we have the ability to think. In some sort of way, Shakespeare is leading us to the paradox of life and death were human unbelieving is crucial in the spirit of the two, so there can be a decision.to die, to sleep, No more(prenominal) and by sleep to say we end the heart ache and the g-force natural shocks that flesh is hair to it is a consummation devoutly to be wished He is analyzing death and seeing it as the solution of the life he is living at the moment. In some way, he is confirming that being alive is a constant pain and so death is the comical pathway that would lead him to another life, a painless one.Thus the moral sense does make cowards of us all, and thus the native hue of resolution is pissed oer with the pale cast of thought This is the fragment in which the poem determines the reason why Hamlet havent unconquerable yet nor taken action. This is the fragment were Shakespeare blames human thought for it being an obstacle when there is a decision to make, more precisely human doubting explores the possible consequences of each action we are about to make, and by perspicacious them, we soon get afraid of our destinyand of the unknown circumstances that leave behind surrounds us later. Is an outlook to the future that force us to think covering fire constantly. The doubt and the cowardness do not lead us anywhere.The text can be related to my life in the sense that it is the perfect score of the reason why we are afraid of making decisions. Every decision is premeditated and that is why we are uncapable of taking action. Besides, I believe that this reason of human thought as an obstacle when it comes to make a decision, applies to our unremarkable life We give up opportunities because we take a long age thinking, and that certainly is a huge obstacle to clarify our minds and make the right det ermination.

Why did the groups like the Beatles and the Rolling Stones have such a great impact during the 1960’s

The Beatles modificationd British Society. These changes were brought about by a mess that made it very, very big. Popular harmony had g unmatched through a revolution in the Late 1950s. People took advantage of the increased disbursal power of teenagers and bands like the Beatles produced lyrics in melodic lines that people queued to buy. The music did non constantly change, vertical the same old brand bare-assed songs. The real discovery in music came in 1962 with an unlikely combination of individuals.John Lennon, capital of Minnesota McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr had been performing together for a number of years. There had been various otherwise members of the band, tho the collection did not get very far. In 1962 the change came about under the guidance of Brian Epstein, who became their manager and then transformed them from a talented, but undistinguishable act, into the most famous pop group in history. Epstein made the Beatles wear suits with non- lapels and cut their hair into pudding basin style. In so doing this he invented the Beatle Jacket and the Beatle hairstyle.The Beatles unlike some(prenominal) British performers at the time, wrote and performed their own music, this meant that they were able to create a unique style, which was a premix of rhythm and blues, rock and roll and Tamala Motown. It was this that marked the Beatles out from so many another(prenominal) of the performers that came before them. The last key individual was George Martin, who arranged and recorded the Beatles tracks. He produced the quality that ensured that they became instantly and overwhelming successful. More than anybody else the Beatles came to represent the Sixties.As Aaron Copland, the American composer of classical music remarked, If you want to know about the sixties, play the music of the Beatles. The important point being made there was that the Beatles did write music with real lyrics that caught the imagination of teenagers ar ound the world, both reflecting and shaping the culture of the decade. They were altogether just normal lads who were brought up in the streets of Liverpool. John Lennon was brought up in an upper on the job(p) class family. John was born in Oxford driveway Maternity on October 9th 1940.His Auntie brought him up, as his father had disappeared. Four months earlier Richard Starkey was born at 9 Madryn Street, Dingle in Liverpool. Richard was brought up in a lower working class. Early on in his sprightliness his mum and dad split up. Nearly a year afterwards Paul McCartney is born in Walton Hospital, Rice Lane in Liverpool on the 18th June and he was brought up in a solid working class family. Paul then starts at Stockton Wood Primary. The baby of the group was fin in ally born on the 24th February 1943 at 12 Arnold Grove, Wavertree in Liverpool.George Harrison starts at Liverpool institute. John Lennon was the smartest member of the group as a befool and could do anything he chos e. All the band members were captivated as children, as for each one member were bought instruments this meant homegrown talent was going to put Liverpool on the map. The influence of the Beatles went far beyond the music that they wrote and performed. Their clothes, hair, their accents, their offhand attitudes seemed to sum up the new age of the sixties. They seemed at first at least, just like the familiar next door.Suddenly it became completely respectable to have an accent that did not come from the home county. For the first time ever, it came was fashionable to sound as if you came from Liverpool, or Newcastle or even Birmingham. The revolution became even more remarkable, after the Beatles came the Mersey Sound, Freddie and the Dreamers, The Mersey Beats and Gerry and the Pacemakers. Brian Epstein successfully managed all of these bands. Then from Manchester there were the Searchers and the Animals from Newcastle. They all had number one hits with some easy going songs a nd some sung with real feeling.The match of the Beatles upon teenagers was unbelievable. They were not just performers they became heroes. Soon the press followed on to this enormous erode over the Beatles and made the phrase that the fans were involved in Beatlemania. They represented the triumph of youth over old age, of new against old. They were the sixties. A few girls went to the Beatles concert in Cheltenham and they got us screaming. I dont remember much about the concert, just the noise Teenagers were influenced by lyrics, which started to change their way of thinking and the message changed. both young person in the country wanted to be the Beatles, they were hero-worship were ever they went. Manufacturers currently realised the potential of the teenage market. The Beatles faces were plastered all over magazines. If the Beatles encouraged drugs, kids would follow, the Beatles lyrics were very powerful. For example the song lyrics in the song Lucy In The Sky With Diamon ds openly suggested the use of LSD. The mischievous four of the sixties became the dope-smoking lads of 1965, and then the four took LSD in 1966-67 then even worsened they took heroin in 1969.The Beatles themselves started to change dramatically. The clean-cut, cheerful boys of 1963 followed the weird and wonderful Maharishi, an Indian guru. They began to dress in psychedelic clothing, take drugs and adopt a more and more outlandish pose. The Beatles then really challenged family values. Innocent songs describing teenage dear were replaced by peace anthems such as All I command Is Love or drug influenced tracks like Lucy In The Sky With Diamonds. Worse still, in the eyes of some people, were the groups that followed them.The Rolling Stones started out as Beatles look-alikes, but soon developed a completely different style. Their lyrics were far more connotative and the demeanor of the five grabbed a great deal of attention. Jagger and Richards were arrested for the possession of Marijuana- a response from the establishment that led even the times to describe it as a butterfly being crushed under a wheel Wider affable changes were taking place. TV and radio setcommunication began broadcasting non-stop music. These were extremely popular with teenagers. Radio Caroline and Radio London had enormous following, as other radio move didnt play much music.They set the scene for the radio stations that were to come. They were designed to appeal directly to young people. Television reacted more pronto to the changing styles of music. This was largely because it was a newer form of broadcasting and so was more ready to change. ITV began to broadcast Ready Steady Go and the BBC started Top Of The Pops. Both were long success stories and these accounts finally showed popular music. If some aspects of the sixties appeared to challenge troupe and existing ideas, the hippie grounds seemed to reject it altogether.Some people took the movement very seriously. Others tried to balance the hippie movement with other commitments, but most simply rejected it altogether. To many people the most perturbing aspect of the hippie movement was the way that its followers seemed to abandon responsibility. The speech pattern on Love and Peace, while harmless enough in many ways, came at the time when the west was being challenged by the Soviet Union. non only did hippies appear to reject all forms of confrontation, but their behaviour suggested a weakening of society and the family in particular.In conclusion the violation of music in Britain changed the way we live today. The sixties took spending to a new level. Consumer goods became increasingly popular this was mainly influenced by bands like the Beatles, who had their elasticity all over clothes to magazines. Lyrics had changed dramatically, and also the message had changed. Bands such as the Beatles promoted world peace. The Beatles helped boom Britain and this helped Britain to become a major for ce in pop music. I think the Beatles ended a new separate in British pop music.

Cool Character in a Chilly Climate Essay

The protagonist in squatting Londons To Build a shoot implies a feature that is cool, calm, and collected under the pressures of loneliness and landscape. The text suggests that the man is alone in the Artic wilderness of Alaska with all its dangers and natural mysteries. Londons use seems to be a direct personal credit line to his surroundings, where the land is seemingly measureless and wondrous, the man is limited and admittedly, without liking. Similarly, in contrast with the timeless and constantly changing character of the natural world is the character of the man, who displays serious calculation and conscious, resolute action.Though the man does show signs of fear and apprehension, it becomes apparent that he wants to suppose that he is stronger than his surroundings and that his feelings do non reflect a abandon in his own character. In the end the man meets his demise by realizing that genius is more originful and swift than man with all his equip ment and thou ghts. The or so important feat for the man becomes the simple ability to soma a fire. Early on in the text, it is stated that the man was of no imagination and for this reason had little appreciation for the wilderness and all the elements that he simply noted in his life and on this journey.The trouble with him was that he was without imagination. He was quick and alert in the things of life, but only in the things, and not in the significances. It was, in fact, the significances that the man would learn that were of the greatest consequence. Although, he was warned by an older man to never travel alone, the man paid no mind to this warning and believed that he could oppress nature alone. The man, alone in the wilderness and only in the company of his dog, was also experiencing an emptiness in his thoughts.Empty as the mans mind was of thoughts, he was keenly law-abiding, and he noticed the changes in the creek, the curves and bends and timber-jams, and always he crisply noted where he placed his feet. The man is one of action and not of much contemplation, even his emotions seem hollow and are compared to the fears that his dog instinctively experiences. But, it is due to this emptiness and lack of appreciation of the severity and vastness of nature and his human nature that leads him to falter and step into the creek, even as observant as he believed he was.It is to build a fire that is the some unnatural and to the man, impossible ability of humankind. The feat of the most primitive men in history was the only thing that could save the mans life, but he had to surrender to the power and forces of nature. He knew there mustiness be no failure. When it is seventy-five below zero, a man must not fail in his first attempt to build a firethat is, if his feet are wet. Just as the man had the capacitor to know that he must succeed in his attempt to build a fire, knowing this and believing that his ability to think would allow him to conquer nature was hi s downfall.In conclusion, the man in To Build a Fire, believes himself to be strong and smart, but not imaginative or thankful of the wilderness around him. He serves as a direct contrast to the world around him, as he uses his watch, matches, and other man-made objects on his journey. With all that his has in his intentions and his arsenal of equipment, he must surrender to the power of nature that knows no time, no mercy, and no limit. Works Cited London, Jack. (1908). To Build a Fire in To Build a Fire and Other Stories (1999). Macmillan

Research Paper on Human Behavior Organization

pic compositional deportment against Perception In Partial fulfillment of the Requirement of the Subject HBO101 Submitted to Ms. Pichay Submitted by Leader Marino, Lizaso Member Lindero, Maricar Lustina, Irene Macaraeg, Maan Macarambon, Putri Johanna HBO101-1T ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We ar cordi in eachy give thanksful to our de arst professor, Mrs. Pichay whose encouragement, support and guidance until the wavering moments of the semester helped us to hold in this term paper into completion.We argon alike donationicularly grateful for the assistance given by the staff of UE Library specifically the Circulation Library and calibrate School Library for letting us borrow books and theses. We would like to shot our special thanks to the National Library for providing us the resources needed for this ponder. We would to a fault like to thank our respective families and friends for their determineing and for allowing us to spend ab come out of our precious clip inc gradeing wi th our look paper. Above all, we glorify and thank Almighty God/ Allah, who pay off given us the power to reckon in ourselves and pursue our dreams.We could never tolerate done this without the faith we view as in him. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Title Pagei Ack right a government agencyledgementii Table of Contentsiii CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION A. History and Background B. Signifi under(a) kindly structurece of the Study C. Objectives of the Study D. mount and Delimitations E. Definition of Terms 2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 3SUMMARY AND inference BIBLIOGRAPHY REFLECTION PAPER Chapter I Introduction A. History and Background Although homo dealinghips have existed since the beginning of time, the art and science of trying to deal with them in labyrinthine organizations is relatively sensitive.In the early days throng process along or in such small aggroups that their prevail relationships were easily handled. It has been universal to assume that under this conditions ti dy sum worked in a Utopia of happiness and fulfillment, provided this assumption is largely a nostalgic reinterpretation of history actual conditions were uncouth and back breaking. flock worked from dawn until dust under intolerable conditions of disease, filth, danger, and scarcity of resources. They had to work this way to survive, and truly little effort was devoted to their ruminate satisf military legal action.Then came the industrial revolution in the beginning the condition of the deal did improve, just at least the seed was planted for potential improvement industry grow the supply of goods and companionship that eventually gave workers increased wages, shorter hours, and more satisfaction in this new industrial improvement Robert Owen, a young Welsh grind owner or so the year 1800, was one of the first to emphasize the charitableity needs of employees. He ref utilise to employ young children. He taught his workers cleanliness and temperance meliorate their w orking conditions.This could tryingly be called a modern organizational mien, but it was a beginning. He was called the real father of personnel administration by an early writer. Andrew Ure incorporated valet de chambres factors into his work The Philosophy of Manufactures, published in 1835. He recognized the mechanical and commercial parts of manufacturing, but he also added a third factor, which was the valet factor. He provided workers with hot tea, health check treatment, a fan apparatus for ventilation, and sickness payments.The ideas of Owen and Ure were accepted slowly or not at all, and they often deteriorated into a paternalistic, do-good approach rather than a genuine recognition of the importance of peck at work. Interest in batch at work was awakened by Frederick W. Taylor in the substance States in the early 1900s. He is often called the father of scientific solicitude, and the changes he brought to management paved the way for later development of organi zational look. His work eventually led to improved recognition and productivity for industrial workers.He pointed out that just as there was a best machine for a mull, so were there best ways for tribe to do their mull overs. To be sure, the polish was still technical efficiency, but at least management was awakened to the importance of one of its neglected resources. Taylors major work was published in 1911. it was followed in 1914 by Lillian Gilbreths The Psychology of Management, which in general emphasized the benignant side of work. Shortly thereafter the National effect Association was formed, and later.In 1923, it became the Ameri brook Management Association, carrying the subtitle Devoted Exclusively to the reflexion of the Human Factor in Commerce and Industry. During this period Whiting Williams was poring over workers while working with them, and in 1920 he published a portentous interpretation of his experiences, Whats on the Workers Mind. Organizations perme ate all levels of our lives. We come into contact with m either of them daily. In fact, most of us credibly spend most of our lives inor ar repaired byorganizations.We expend sizable amounts of our time as members of work, school, kind, civic, and church organizations. Or we be involved as employees, students, clients, patients, and citizens of organizations. Organizations be characterized by their goal-directed behavior, and they pursue goals and objectives that can be come throughd more efficiently and effectively by the concerted action of case-by-cases and groups. Organizations be, however, much more than factor for providing goods and services. They create the settings in which most of us spend our lives.In this respect, they have profound influence on our behavior. However, because large-scale organizations have developed only in juvenile times, we ar just now beginning to recognize the necessity for ascertaining them. Organizations have continuously been regarded as integral to the kind world. They have become pervasive and as social social units they impinge upon the behavior of their members and the members of society. They are significant since they allow individual members to grasp their personal goals and to channel their energies for the welfare of society.The modern study of what people do inwardly organizations was developed in the mid to late 1940s. the behavioral sciencespsychology, sociology, and cultural anthropologyhave provided the precepts, scientific rigor, and models for what we refer to today as organizational behavior. new-fangled society depends on organizations for its survival. Organizations exist through components technology and people. Society moldinessiness understand organizations and use them to achieve the goals of its human componentsthe people. Each organization can work effectively with people if the management guesss them in human ground.The organizational behavior of the manager affects the people, the structure, the technology, and the environment in which the organization operates. People are the chief components of an organization. They wanton away up the native social system of the organization. They are living, thinking, feeling macrocosms of the organization. Organizations exist to serve people and society as a whole. Organizations operate in an external environment. undivided organizations such as schools and agencies are influenced by the external environment.The environment influences the attitudes, behavior and slaying of the people, their working conditions and purportspan styles. According to Davis (1993), the climate of each organization is achieved through an organizational system. In a working social system, people bring together some(prenominal) individual and group ways when they enter an organization. They bring their philosophy and goals, their psychological, social and economic wants which they express in their behavior. For Osborn (1991), he expre ssed that managers are the paddy wagon of organizations. organizational behavior is a knowledge base that enables managers to help their organizations perform give away. Organizations electrical relay on two(prenominal) human and physical resources for their continued functioning. To combine successfully the two types of resource introduces into product or service outputs, managers must understand organization as work settings. Osborn also stated that the manager heads a work unit which links subordinates with the total organization through means and chains. The manager is also responsible in making the work unit functions as an organization in and of itself. The esults sought by the managers are job operation and human resource maintain at the individual, group, and organizational levels. He stressed further that manager share a ordinary challenge. On the one hand, they are held accountable by superiors for work until performance. On the early(a) hand, they are largely dep endent upon their subordinates to do the inevitable work. Organizational behavior Organizational behavior is the study and application of knowledge roughly how peopleas individuals and groupsact within organizations. It strives to identify ways in which people can act more effectively.Organizational behavior (O. B) is a scientific objurgate in which a large number of research studies and abstract developments are constantly adding to its knowledge base. It is also an applied science, in that information closely effective practices in one organization are being wide to many another(prenominal)s. Organizational behavior provides a useful set of prickings at many levels of analysis. For example, it helps managers look at the behavior of individuals within an organization. It also help their understanding of the complexities involved in interpersonal relations, when two people interact.At the adjoining level, organizational behavior is valuable for examining the dynamics of re lationships within small groups, both formal teams and informal groups. When two or more groups need to devise their efforts, such as applied science and sales, managers become interested in the inter-group relations that emerge. Finally, organizations can also be viewed, and managed, as whole systems that hold inter-organizational relationships. thither are four primary goals in organizational behavior. The first is to describe, systematically, how people behave under a variety of conditions.Achieving this goal allows managers to communicate about human behavior at work using a common language. A second goal is to understand why people behave as they do. Managers would be highly frustrated if they could only talk about behaviors of their employees, but not understand the reasons behind those actions. Predicting future employee behavior is some other goal of organizational behavior. Ideally, managers would have the capacity to predict which employees might be dedicated and produ ctive or which might be absent, tardy, or tumultuous on a certain day.This would allow them to take preventive actions. The closing goal of organizational behavior is to control and develop some human activity at work. Since managers are held responsible for the performance outcomes, they are vitally interested in being able to make an touch on employee behavior, skill development, team effort, and productivity. Managers need to remember that organizational behavior is a human tool for human benefit. The key elements in organizational behavior are people, structure, technology and the environment in which the organization operates.When people join together in an organization to accomplish an objective, some king of structure is required. People also use technology to help to get the job done, so there is an interaction of people, structure, and technology PEOPLEPeople make up the internal social system of the organization. They consist of individuals and groups, and large groups as well as small ones. There are unofficial, informal groups and more official, formal ones. Groups are dynamic. They form, change, and disband. The human organization today is not the same as it was yesterday, or the day before.People are the living, thinking, feeling beings who work in the organization to achieve their objectives. STRUCTUREStructure defines the formal relationship of people in organizations. Different jobs are required to accomplish all of an organizations activities. There are managers and employees, accountants and assemblers. These people have to be related in some structural way so that their work can be effectively coordinated. These relationships create complex problems of cooperation, negotiation, and decision making. TECHNOLOGYTechnology provides the resources with which people work and affects the tasks that they perform.They cannot accomplish much with their bare hands, so they build buildings, design machines, create work processes, and assemble resourc es. The technology used has a significant influence on working relationships. An assembly line is not the same as a research laboratory, and a poise mill does not have the same working conditions as a hospital. The great benefit of technology is that it allows people to do more and better work, but it also restricts people in various ways. ENVIRONMENTAll organizations operate within an internal and an external environment.A single organization does not exist alone. It is part of a larger system that contains many other elements, such as government, the family, and other organizations. All of this mutually influenced one another in a complex system that creates a context for a group of people. Individual organizations, such as factory or a school, cannot escape being influenced by this external environment. It influences the attitudes of people, affects working conditions, and provides competition for resources and power. Organizational behavior follows principles of human behavior. The effectiveness of any organization is influenced greatly by human behavior. People are a resource common to all organizations. There is no such thing as a peopleless organization. One essential principle of psychology is that each person is different. Each person has peculiar perceptions, personalities, and life experiences different capabilities for learning and stress and different attitudes, beliefs, and aspiration levels. To be effective, managers of organizations must view each employee or member as a unique embodiment of all these behavioral factors.Organizational behavior is the study and application of knowledge about how peopleas individuals and groupsact in organizations. Its goals are to make managers more effective at describing, understanding, predicting, and controlling human behavior. Key elements to consider are people, structure, technology and the external environment. Previously known as human relations, organizational behavior has emerged as interdisciplinar y house of value to managers. It builds on an increasingly solid research foundation that was begun in the 1920s, and it draws upon useful ideas and beliefual models from many of the behavioral science.Organization needs a well-managed structural mechanism in assessing work force performance in correlation to work performance and productivity of workers. Performance appraisal is a standardment conducted on workers to valuate how they achieve work targets and productivity (Najib, 2007). Various factors can be regarded in applying performance appraisal. Some researchers state that performance appraisal can be viewed from various aspects relating to the aims of research or what is going to be analyzed. Some prise working activity aspect, while others evaluate deportment or constitution aspect.Work performance, according to D. Grote (2002), V. M. Rivai and A. F. Basri (2005), and L. M. Robert and H. J. John (2006), is stated as behavior and work take that should be made as prior ity. They believe that behavior aspect is input or how individual conduct his/her duties which can be deliberate by knowledge, skill, attitude, and habit variables. Work impart aspect, on the other hand, is output or what is going to achieve from a job which can be measured by quantity, quality, and timeliness variables. The approach of both appraisal aspects is used in this research i. . (1) behavior aspect and work yield aspect, and (2) their contribution to performance. B. consequence of the Study Having become one of the most prevalent debates in recent years, organizational related studies have became a major topic of study nowadays. Organizations as defined as a consciously coordinated social unit, composed of two or more people that functions on a relatively continuous basis to achieve a common goal or set of goals. So we can see that individuals, walking under the flag of organization are valuable resources to the firm.It is totally impossible to bring out an organiz ation without any manpower. So, as long as organizations are consisted of individuals, it is very important to know and learn about these fundamental elements of the firms. And that is the reason the concept of organizational behavior is a major field of study these days. Organizational behavior is defined as a field of study that investigates the impact that individuals, groups, and structure have on behavior within organizations, for the purpose of applying such knowledge toward improving an organizations effectiveness. Or in other words, it is the study of what people think, feel, and do in and around organizations. And because the nature of human being is a sophisticated, multidimensional phenomenon, wide ranges of disciplines are required. Psychology, sociology, anthropology, political science, economics and industrial engineering are the traditional disciplines and communications, information system, marketing and womens studies are the emerging disciplines toward studying organizational behavior. The purpose of the study is to draw optimum performance from all the employees.In todays world, the environment of business is changing constantly. As a result, the manager has to play increasingly important role. With recent increase in workload, responsibilities and diversities, the importance of managers in a working environment has also increased. In nightclub to help managers and supervisors learn more about the complexity of the new workforce many different studies have been developed. One area of study that has increased in importance over the years is the study of Organizational Behavior.This paper first defines exactly what organizational behavior is and discusses its importance. C. Objectives of the Study This research is to analyze the influence of work behaviour towards work performance. Variables for behaviour are knowledge, skill, attitude, and habits. Situational assessments of work performance can be used repeatedly to measure progress in work rehabilitation and used for feedback and goal setting. The organizations in which people work have an effect on their thoughts, feelings and actions.These thoughts, feelings and actions in change form affect the organization itself. By this research, can also understand the workers or employees behave the way they do and also thereby predict how they are going to behave in the future. Performance objectives also play a major role in defining the results expected through your staffs hard work and dedication. Its necessity in setting neat goals for employees. They also challenge staff members to achieve maximum results to promote business offshoot and make continuous improvements to meet the challenges and changing demands of the marketplace.It must be clear and guide action. D. Scope and Delimitation This research covers about work performance and behaviour of an employee. The limitations of this research are to those people who are currently working. only if workers can par ticipate in this research. E. Definition of Terms The following terms used in this study are defined operationally. Organizational behaviour is the application of knowledge about how people, individuals, and groups act in organizations, in order to achieve the highest performance and dominant results.Attitude the degree to which the person has a fortunate or unfavourable evaluation of the behaviour in question. Knowledge-remembering of antecedently learned material recall (facts or whole theories) bringing to mind. Analysis-breaking down into parts understanding organization, clarifying, concluding Work behaviour-is thebehaviourone uses inemploymentand is normally more formal than other types ofhuman behaviour. Job performance is a usually used, yet disadvantageously defined concept inindustrial and organizational psychology, it most commonly refers to whether a person performs theirjobwell.Performance- the act of performing the carrying into execution or action execution achieve ment accomplishment representation by action as, the performance of an undertaking of a duty. Behaviour- can be regarded as any action of an organism that changes its relationship to its environment. Behaviour provides outputs from the organism to the environment. Chapter II related to Literatures In the 1920s and 1930s Elton Mayo and F. J. Roethlisberger at Harvard University gave academic elevation to the study of human behavior at work.They applied keen insight, great thinking, and sociological backgrounds to industrial experiments at the Western Electric Company, Hawthorne Plant. They concluded that an organization is a social system and the worker is indeed the most important element in it. Their experiments showed that the worker is not a simple tool but a complex personality interacting in a group situation that often is difficult to understand. To Taylor and his contemporaries, human problems stood in the way of take and so should be minimized. To Mayo, human problems be came a broad new field of study and an opportunity for progress.He is recognized as the father of what was then called human relations and later became known as organizational behavior. Taylor increased employment by rationalizing it. Mayo and his followers sought to increase production by humanizing it. The Mayo-Roethlisberger research has been strongly criticized as being inadequately controlled and interpreted, but its sanctioned ideas, such as social system within the work environment, have stood the test of time, the important point is that it was substantial research about human behavior at work, and its influence was widespread and enduring.According to George and Jones (1996), organizational behavior provides guidelines that both manager and workers can use to understand and appreciate many forces that affect behavior in organizations and make correct decisions on how to motivate people and mobilize other resources to achieve organizational goals. Knowledge on organization al behavior derived from scholarly studies replaces intuition and gut feeling with a well-researched form of theories and systematic guidelines for managing behavior in organization.Mangkunegara (2000) defines performance as work result qualitatively and quantitatively that can be achieved in conducting a job as demanded by responsibility. While H. J. Bernardin and J. C. A. Russel (1993) state that performance is an income produced by a worker during his/her service time. V. M. Rivai and A. F. Basri (2005) conclude the definition of performance as a function of motivation and capability. To finalize a demanded job or duty, psyche should have a certain motivation and capability.Capability of a worker is not worth if he/she does not know what should be done and how to do it. Target achieving is one of measurements in performance appraisal. There are cardinal criteria in assessing performance, i. e. (1) individual duty, (2) individual behavior, and (3) individual characteristics. Fr om the above description, it can be inferred that performance can be categorized as work result achieved by a worker in a certain time in an organization based on power, responsibility, and duties.During his/her service time, performance of an individual can be observed (Rivai & Basri, 2005). Meaning that performance appraisal should always relate to task finalization. Whenever performance appraisal does not relate to job finalization, then such appraisal will result in a misjudgment and a mistake. Bibliography Luthans, Fred. (2011). Organizational Behavior An Evidence-Based Approach. McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. New York Nelson, Debra L. Quick, James C. Organizational Behavior Foundation, Realities and Challenges. (1997). West Publishing Company, St. Paul MN. http//www. ehow. com/info_8156482_objectives-organizational-behavior. hypertext markup languageixzz27xcgisTS http//www. brainyquote. com/words/be/behavior135737. htmlIIMeu7jGSj4UxvQL. 99 http//mansci. journal. informs. org/cont ent/28/2/138. short http//www. livestrong. com/article/178352-how-behavior-modification-operates-to-motivate-people/